13  Income taxes

Under management agreements, all earnings of KPMG N.V. are distributed to the partners, through Coöperatie KPMG U.A., who pay tax on these earnings. The Group has a ruling for corporate income tax purposes, under which total net income before tax is subject to corporate income tax at the level of Coöperatie KPMG U.A., KPMG N.V. and the practice companies of the individual equity partners respectively. For this reason, income tax payable by the Group itself is limited.

Tax on the profit share of KPMG N.V. is calculated using the average tax rate applicable for the year. For 2023/2024, the average tax rate was 25.6% (2022/2023: 25.4%).

The table below provides a reconciliation between accounting profit and taxable profit.

EUR 000

2023/2024

2022/2023

Profit before income tax

120,783

78,828

Expenses related to early retired partners

-142

-1,467

Tax-exempt income

-694

Non-deductible expenses

1,591

25,002

Temporary differences

-2,106

-2,098

Taxable profit

120,126

99,571

Non-deductible expenses in the comparative information mainly relate to the PCAOB Settlement.

Taxable profit is taxable at the level of:

EUR 000

2023/2024

2022/2023

KPMG N.V.

6,623

5,323

Coöperatie KPMG U.A.

1,179

1,140

Practice companies of the individual equity partners

112,324

93,108

13.1  Amounts recognized in profit or loss

EUR 000

2023/2024

2022/2023

Current tax expense

Current year

1,695

1,353

Deferred tax expense

Recognized net deductible temporary differences

543

554

Tax expense on continuing operations

2,238

1,907

13.2  Movement in deferred tax balances

EUR 000

Net balance at October 1

Recognized in profit or loss (see 13.1)

Net balance at September 30

Deferred tax asset

Deferred tax liability

2022/2023

Property plant and equipment

1,360

-680

680

680

Jubilee benefits

165

6

171

171

Lease liabilities

815

120

935

935

Deferred tax balance

2,340

-554

1,786

1,786

2023/2024

Property plant and equipment

680

-680

Jubilee benefits

171

87

258

258

Lease liabilities

935

50

985

985

Deferred tax balance

1,786

-543

1,243

1,243

The key factors that determine the valuation of deferred tax assets are the probability of future taxable profits, the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, and the assumption that it is expected that the carrying amount can be recovered. No amount was recognized in profit or loss related to changes in enacted or substantially enacted tax rates (2022/2023: no amount).

13.3  Current tax balances

Coöperatie KPMG U.A. is head of the fiscal unity for income tax purposes. For this reason, current tax balances are included in the current account with Coöperatie KPMG U.A.